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DOI: 10.15862/03FAOR125 (https://doi.org/10.15862/03FAOR125)

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Filatova A.V. Fragmentation of the world economy: causes, consequences, and adaptation strategies for different economic systems. Russian journal of resources, conservation and recycling. 2025; 12(s1). Available at: https://resources.today/PDF/03FAOR125.pdf (in Russian). DOI: 10.15862/03FAOR125

Fragmentation of the world economy: causes, consequences, and adaptation strategies for different economic systems

Filatova Anastasia Vladimirovna
Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
E-mail: nvf0504@mail.ru

Abstract. The current stage of development of the world economy is characterized by intensification of fragmentation processes, which radically transform the established principles of global economic interaction and undermine the foundations of the multilateral trading system formed over the past decades. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the cause-and-effect relationships of modern economic fragmentation, considering this phenomenon as a natural result of the systemic crisis of the neoliberal model of globalization, aggravated by geopolitical conflicts, technological rivalry between great powers, and the desire of nation states to ensure economic sovereignty. The study reveals that fragmentation processes are multi-level, covering trade relations, financial flows, technological value chains, and institutional mechanisms of global governance. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the evolution of conceptual approaches to understanding the fragmentation of the world economy in the works of leading economic schools, ranging from classical theories of protectionism to modern studies of geoeconomic competition. The methodological basis is formed by the principles of system analysis, allowing us to consider fragmentation as a complex system of interconnected processes developing at various levels of international relations. The empirical basis of the study is data from international organizations, statistical materials of the central banks of the world’s leading economies, analytical reports of research centers, as well as the results of surveys of representatives of the business community. The strategies of adaptation of various types of economic systems to the conditions of a fragmented world economy are analyzed, including developed countries with a high degree of integration into global value chains, developing economies with export-oriented specialization, as well as countries with transition economies seeking to diversify foreign economic relations.

Keywords: fragmentation of the world economy; deglobalization; trade wars; geoeconomic competition; regional integration; economic sovereignty; multilateral trading system; technological sanctions; adaptation strategies

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